Energy efficiency is a central concept in the context of sustainable energy policy and refers to the ability to achieve the same or even greater benefits with less energy. This can be achieved through various measures and technologies that are used in both the private and industrial sectors. In the context of climate change and the energy transition, improving energy efficiency is crucial to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reducing dependence on fossil fuels.

In Austria, energy efficiency plays a central role in the national climate targets. The Austrian government has committed to increasing energy efficiency by 36% by 2030 compared to 2005. This should not only contribute to achieving the climate targets, but also increase the security of energy supply and reduce costs for consumers.

A key component of increasing efficiency is the refurbishment of buildings, which are responsible for a large proportion of energy consumption. Significant savings can be achieved through measures such as thermal insulation, replacing windows and installing energy-efficient heating systems. Funding programmes, such as the Austrian government's "renovation cheque", support homeowners and tenants in implementing such measures.

Another important aspect of energy efficiency is the use of modern technologies. Smart home systems and intelligent meters enable consumers to monitor and specifically control their energy consumption. These technologies help to optimise energy consumption and reduce costs by maximising the use of energy at times of low demand.

Industry in Austria has also taken measures to improve energy efficiency. Production processes are increasingly being optimised in order to minimise energy consumption. This is done, for example, through the use of energy-efficient machines and the implementation of energy management systems that enable continuous monitoring and improvement of energy consumption.

There are numerous initiatives at European level to promote energy efficiency. The EU has set binding targets to help member states achieve their energy consumption goals. This includes the revision of the Energy Efficiency Directive, which obliges member states to draw up national energy efficiency action plans.

An important trend in energy efficiency is the integration of renewable energies. The use of solar energy, wind power and biomass can make energy consumption more sustainable. The combination of energy efficiency and renewable energies not only creates economic benefits, but also helps to reduce the environmental impact.

To summarise, energy efficiency is a crucial part of the strategy to combat climate change and promote a sustainable energy future. Austria has set itself ambitious targets to increase energy efficiency and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Through innovative technologies, targeted support measures and close co-operation between government, industry and consumers, energy efficiency can be sustainably improved, ultimately leading to a greener and more economical energy future.